์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ  ๋Œ€ํ‘œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ - ๐Ÿ“ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์™„์ „ ์ •๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ: ๊ตญ์ œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด ์ดํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ

๐Ÿ“ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์™„์ „ ์ •๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ: ๊ตญ์ œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด ์ดํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ

์ˆ˜ํ•™์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณตํ†ต ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ๋ณด์ž! ๐ŸŒโœจ

์•ˆ๋…•! ๐Ÿ˜„ ํ˜น์‹œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ๊ต์žฌ๋‚˜ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฉ˜๋ถ• ์˜จ ์  ์žˆ์–ด?
"์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์•ผ... integer? coefficient? ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค ๋ญ” ๋ง์ด์•ผ!" ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฐฝ์„ ๋‹ซ์•„๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜, ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์ฏค์€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ. ๐Ÿ˜…

์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณตํ†ต ์–ธ์–ด์•ผ. ์ˆซ์ž์™€ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฉ์–ด(terminology)๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋ผ.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ตญ์ œ ํ•™์ˆ ์ง€, ํ•ด์™ธ ๊ต์žฌ, ์˜์–ด ๊ฐ•์˜, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์ด๋‚˜ AI ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ๋„ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ !

์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์—์„œ ๊ผญ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด์ค„๊ฒŒ. ๐ŸŽ‰
์™ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ตํžˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์ž๊ณ !


โˆ‘ ฯ€ โˆš โˆž ๐ŸŒ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด, ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด? ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด โ†” ์˜์–ด ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด ์™„์ „ ์ •๋ณต ์ •์ˆ˜ = Integer ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ = Fraction ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ = Equation ์ˆ˜ํ•™!

๐Ÿ”ข 1. ์ˆ˜(Number)์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ โ€” ์ˆซ์ž ์„ธ๊ณ„ ํƒํ—˜

์ˆ˜ํ•™์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์—ญ์‹œ ์ˆ˜(Number)์•ผ.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž๋“ค๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์ž!

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ ํŒ ์˜ˆ์‹œ
์ž์—ฐ์ˆ˜ Natural Number ๋‚ด์ถ”๋Ÿด ๋„˜๋ฒ„ 1, 2, 3, 4, ...
์ •์ˆ˜ Integer ์ธํ‹ฐ์ € ..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ...
์œ ๋ฆฌ์ˆ˜ Rational Number ๋ž˜์…”๋„ ๋„˜๋ฒ„ 1/2, 0.75, -3
๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์ˆ˜ Irrational Number ์ด๋ž˜์…”๋„ ๋„˜๋ฒ„ โˆš2, ฯ€, e
์‹ค์ˆ˜ Real Number ๋ฆฌ์–ผ ๋„˜๋ฒ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ๋ฆฌ์ˆ˜ + ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์ˆ˜
๋ณต์†Œ์ˆ˜ Complex Number ์ปดํ”Œ๋ ‰์Šค ๋„˜๋ฒ„ 3 + 2i
์†Œ์ˆ˜(็ด ๆ•ธ) Prime Number ํ”„๋ผ์ž„ ๋„˜๋ฒ„ 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, ...
์ง์ˆ˜ Even Number ์ด๋ธ ๋„˜๋ฒ„ 2, 4, 6, 8, ...
ํ™€์ˆ˜ Odd Number ์˜ค๋“œ ๋„˜๋ฒ„ 1, 3, 5, 7, ...
์ ˆ๋Œ“๊ฐ’ Absolute Value ์•ฑ์†”๋ฃจํŠธ ๋ฐธ๋ฅ˜ |-3| = 3
๐Ÿ’ก ๊ฟ€ํŒ! "Integer"๋Š” ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด "integer(์™„์ „ํ•œ)"์—์„œ ์™”์–ด. ์†Œ์ˆ˜์  ์—†์ด ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ง€! ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ชผ๊ฐœ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์•ผ. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€? ๐Ÿ˜Š
๐ŸŽฏ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฌ์ธํŠธ!

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ "์†Œ์ˆ˜"๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด!
โ€ข ์†Œ์ˆ˜(็ด ๆ•ธ) = Prime Number (1๊ณผ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜)
โ€ข ์†Œ์ˆ˜(ๅฐๆ•ธ) = Decimal (0.1, 0.25 ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜)

์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ด! ๐Ÿ‘
์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„ (Number System) ๋ณต์†Œ์ˆ˜ Complex ์‹ค์ˆ˜ (Real) ์œ ๋ฆฌ์ˆ˜ (Rational) ์ •์ˆ˜ (Integer) ์ž์—ฐ์ˆ˜ (Natural) ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์ˆ˜ (Irrational) โˆš2, ฯ€, e ... ํ—ˆ์ˆ˜ (Imaginary) i, 2i ...

โž• 2. ์‚ฌ์น™์—ฐ์‚ฐ โ€” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์ž‘๋“ค

๋”ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋นผ๊ณ , ๊ณฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์‚ฌ์น™์—ฐ์‚ฐ(Four Arithmetic Operations)!
์ด๊ฑด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ƒ๊ณ ? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์–ด. ๐Ÿ˜…
ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์•Œ์•„๋‘๋ฉด ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์—„์ฒญ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ผ!

โž•
Addition
๋ง์…ˆ
โž–
Subtraction
๋บ„์…ˆ
โœ–๏ธ
Multiplication
๊ณฑ์…ˆ
โž—
Division
๋‚˜๋ˆ—์…ˆ
ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์„ค๋ช…
ํ•ฉ / ํ•ฉ๊ณ„ Sum / Total ๋ง์…ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
์ฐจ / ์ฐจ์ด Difference ๋บ„์…ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
๊ณฑ / ๊ณฑ์…ˆ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ Product ๊ณฑ์…ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
๋ชซ Quotient ๋‚˜๋ˆ—์…ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ Remainder ๋‚˜๋ˆ—์…ˆ ํ›„ ๋‚จ์€ ์ˆ˜
ํ”ผ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž Operand ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜
์—ฐ์‚ฐ์ž Operator +, -, ร—, รท ๊ธฐํ˜ธ
๋ง์…ˆ์—์„œ ๋”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜ Addend 3 + 5์—์„œ 3๊ณผ 5 ๋ชจ๋‘
๋นผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ / ๋นผ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜ Subtrahend / Minuend 7 - 3์—์„œ 3์ด subtrahend
๊ณฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜ / ๊ณฑํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜ Multiplier / Multiplicand 4 ร— 3์—์„œ 4๊ฐ€ multiplier
๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ์ˆ˜ / ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜ Divisor / Dividend 12 รท 4์—์„œ 4๊ฐ€ divisor
๐Ÿค“ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด์› ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ!

Quotient(๋ชซ)์€ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด "quotiens(์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ)"์—์„œ ์™”์–ด.
๋‚˜๋ˆ—์…ˆ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ "์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜?"๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ž–์•„. 12 รท 4 = 3์€ "12์—์„œ 4๋ฅผ 3๋ฒˆ ๋บ„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ! ๐Ÿง 

Product(๊ณฑ)๋Š” "produce(์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋‹ค)"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด์›์ด์•ผ. ๋‘ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณฑํ•ด์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ "์ƒ์‚ฐ"ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์ด์ง€!

๐Ÿ“Š 3. ๋ถ„์ˆ˜์™€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜ โ€” Fraction & Decimal

๋ถ„์ˆ˜์™€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด์•ผ.
์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ผญ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์ž! ๐Ÿ•

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์˜ˆ์‹œ / ์„ค๋ช…
๋ถ„์ˆ˜ Fraction 1/2, 3/4
๋ถ„์ž Numerator 3/4์—์„œ 3
๋ถ„๋ชจ Denominator 3/4์—์„œ 4
์ง„๋ถ„์ˆ˜ Proper Fraction ๋ถ„์ž < ๋ถ„๋ชจ: 1/3, 2/5
๊ฐ€๋ถ„์ˆ˜ Improper Fraction ๋ถ„์ž โ‰ฅ ๋ถ„๋ชจ: 5/3, 7/4
๋Œ€๋ถ„์ˆ˜ Mixed Number 1๊ณผ 2/3 = 1โ…”
๊ธฐ์•ฝ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ Simplified Fraction / Reduced Fraction ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์•ฝ๋ถ„ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์ˆ˜
ํ†ต๋ถ„ Finding Common Denominator ๋ถ„๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ™๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ
์•ฝ๋ถ„ Simplifying / Reducing 6/8 โ†’ 3/4
์†Œ์ˆ˜(ๅฐๆ•ธ) Decimal 0.5, 3.14
์†Œ์ˆ˜์  Decimal Point 3.14์—์„œ "."
๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ Percentage / Percent 50%, 75%
๋น„์œจ Ratio 3:4, 1:2
๋น„๋ก€ Proportion a:b = c:d
๐ŸŒŸ Numerator vs Denominator ์™ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฟ€ํŒ!

โ€ข Numerator(๋ถ„์ž): "Number"์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์ง€? ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž์•ผ.
โ€ข Denominator(๋ถ„๋ชจ): "Down"์˜ D! ์•„๋ž˜(Down)์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ชจ์•ผ.

N์€ ์œ„(Numerator = ๋ถ„์ž), D๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜(Denominator = ๋ถ„๋ชจ)! ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋ฉด ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์•ˆ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ ค! ๐Ÿ˜„
๐Ÿ’ก ์•Œ์•„๋‘๋ฉด ์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„!
"What is 3 out of 4?" โ†’ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ 3/4๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ!
์˜์–ด๊ถŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ "3 out of 4" ๋˜๋Š” "three-fourths"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฝ์–ด.
๋ถ„์ˆ˜(Fraction) ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” 1/2 (one-half) Numerator: 1 Denominator: 2 3/4 (three-fourths) Numerator: 3 Denominator: 4 Decimal (์†Œ์ˆ˜) 0.75 0 = ์ •์ˆ˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ . = Decimal Point 75 = ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ 0.75 = 75% = 3/4

๐Ÿ”ก 4. ๋Œ€์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ โ€” Algebra Basics

์ค‘ํ•™๊ต๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ˆ˜ํ•™(Algebra)!
x, y ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ "์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋А๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ„๊ธฐ์ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด. ๐Ÿ˜…
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ!

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์„ค๋ช… / ์˜ˆ์‹œ
๋ณ€์ˆ˜ Variable ๊ฐ’์ด ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž: x, y, z
์ƒ์ˆ˜ Constant ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ์ˆ˜: 3, ฯ€
๊ณ„์ˆ˜ Coefficient 3x์—์„œ 3์ด ๊ณ„์ˆ˜
ํ•ญ Term 3x + 2y - 5์—์„œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 3x, 2y, -5
์‹ / ์ˆ˜์‹ Expression 3x + 2y - 5 (๋“ฑํ˜ธ ์—†์Œ)
๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ Equation 3x + 2 = 8 (๋“ฑํ˜ธ ์žˆ์Œ)
๋ถ€๋“ฑ์‹ Inequality 3x + 2 > 8
ํ•จ์ˆ˜ Function f(x) = 2x + 1
๋‹คํ•ญ์‹ Polynomial xยฒ + 3x + 2
๋‹จํ•ญ์‹ Monomial 3xยฒ, 5y
์ดํ•ญ์‹ Binomial x + 3, 2x - 5
์‚ผํ•ญ์‹ Trinomial xยฒ + 3x + 2
์ธ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํ•ด Factoring / Factorization xยฒ + 5x + 6 = (x+2)(x+3)
์ „๊ฐœ Expansion (x+2)(x+3) = xยฒ + 5x + 6
ํ•ด / ๊ทผ Solution / Root ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์˜ ๋‹ต
๋ฏธ์ง€์ˆ˜ Unknown ๊ตฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ’
๋Œ€์ž… Substitution x = 3์„ ์‹์— ๋„ฃ๊ธฐ
๐ŸŽ“ Expression vs Equation ์ฐจ์ด ์™„๋ฒฝ ์ดํ•ด!

์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์ด ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด์•ผ!

โ€ข Expression(์‹): ๋“ฑํ˜ธ(=)๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด. ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ˆ˜์‹์ด์•ผ.
์˜ˆ: 3x + 2y - 5 โ†’ "์ด๊ฒŒ ์–ผ๋งˆ์•ผ?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด.

โ€ข Equation(๋ฐฉ์ •์‹): ๋“ฑํ˜ธ(=)๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด. ๋‘ ์‹์ด ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ ์–ธ์ด์•ผ.
์˜ˆ: 3x + 2 = 8 โ†’ "x๊ฐ€ ๋ญ์•ผ?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ’€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด.

Equation = Equal + tion โ†’ "๊ฐ™๋‹ค(equal)"๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์–ด! ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด! ๐Ÿ˜„
๐Ÿ’ก Polynomial ์–ด์› ๋ถ„์„!
Poly(๋งŽ์€) + nomial(์ด๋ฆ„/ํ•ญ) = ๋งŽ์€ ํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์‹!
Mono(ํ•˜๋‚˜) = Monomial, Bi(๋‘˜) = Binomial, Tri(์…‹) = Trinomial
์˜์–ด ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ €์ ˆ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๋ผ! ๐Ÿ”

๐Ÿ“ 5. ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ โ€” Geometry Basics

๋„ํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™(Geometry)!
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด "geo(๋•…) + metria(์ธก์ •)"์—์„œ ์˜จ ๋ง์ด์•ผ. ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋•…์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋์–ด. ๐ŸŒ
๋„ํ˜• ๊ด€๋ จ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ํ•ด์™ธ ๊ต์žฌ๋‚˜ SAT, GRE ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์™€!

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์„ค๋ช…
์  Point ์œ„์น˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํฌ๊ธฐ ์—†์Œ
์„  Line ์–‘์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌดํ•œํžˆ ๋ป—์Œ
์„ ๋ถ„ Line Segment ๋‘ ์  ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์œ ํ•œํ•œ ์„ 
๋ฐ˜์ง์„  Ray ํ•œ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ฌดํ•œํžˆ ๋ป—์Œ
๊ฐ๋„ Angle ๋‘ ์„ ์ด ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ
์ง๊ฐ Right Angle 90ยฐ
์˜ˆ๊ฐ Acute Angle 0ยฐ ~ 90ยฐ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ
๋‘”๊ฐ Obtuse Angle 90ยฐ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ~ 180ยฐ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ
ํ‰๊ฐ Straight Angle 180ยฐ
์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜• Triangle 3๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ€๊ณผ ๊ฐ
์ •์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜• Equilateral Triangle ์„ธ ๋ณ€์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์Œ
์ด๋“ฑ๋ณ€์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜• Isosceles Triangle ๋‘ ๋ณ€์ด ๊ฐ™์Œ
์ง๊ฐ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜• Right Triangle ์ง๊ฐ(90ยฐ)์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•
์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• Quadrilateral 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ€
์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• Square ๋„ค ๋ณ€์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™๊ณ  ์ง๊ฐ
์ง์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• Rectangle ๋„ค ๊ฐ์ด ์ง๊ฐ
ํ‰ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ณ€ํ˜• Parallelogram ๋‘ ์Œ์˜ ํ‰ํ–‰ํ•œ ๋ณ€
๋งˆ๋ฆ„๋ชจ Rhombus ๋„ค ๋ณ€์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ํ‰ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ณ€ํ˜•
์‚ฌ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ผด Trapezoid (๋ฏธ๊ตญ) / Trapezium (์˜๊ตญ) ํ•œ ์Œ์˜ ํ‰ํ–‰ํ•œ ๋ณ€
์› Circle ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ ๋“ค
๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฆ„ Radius ์ค‘์‹ฌ์—์„œ ์› ์œ„์˜ ์ ๊นŒ์ง€
์ง€๋ฆ„ Diameter ์›์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์„  (๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฆ„ร—2)
์›์ฃผ Circumference ์›์˜ ๋‘˜๋ ˆ
๋„“์ด / ๋ฉด์  Area 2D ๋„ํ˜•์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ
๋‘˜๋ ˆ Perimeter ๋„ํ˜•์˜ ํ…Œ๋‘๋ฆฌ ๊ธธ์ด
๋ถ€ํ”ผ Volume 3D ๋„ํ˜•์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ
๊ฒ‰๋„“์ด Surface Area 3D ๋„ํ˜•์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๋„“์ด
๐ŸŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ vs ์˜๊ตญ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด ์ฐจ์ด!

์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด๋„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์™€ ์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด!

โ€ข ์‚ฌ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ผด: ๋ฏธ๊ตญ = Trapezoid, ์˜๊ตญ = Trapezium
โ€ข ์ˆ˜ํ•™: ๋ฏธ๊ตญ = Math, ์˜๊ตญ = Maths
โ€ข ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ : ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ (3.14), ์˜๊ตญ/์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์‰ผํ‘œ(3,14) ์‚ฌ์šฉ!

๊ตญ์ œ ๊ต์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋А ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๋“ค์ด๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„! ๐Ÿ˜Š
๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋„ํ˜• (Basic Shapes) Triangle ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜• Rectangle ์ง์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• Square ์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜• r Circle ์› Parallelogram ํ‰ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ณ€ํ˜• ๊ฐ๋„ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ (Types of Angles) ์˜ˆ๊ฐ Acute (0ยฐ~90ยฐ) ์ง๊ฐ Right (90ยฐ) ๋‘”๊ฐ Obtuse (90ยฐ~180ยฐ) ํ‰๊ฐ Straight (180ยฐ)

๐Ÿ“ˆ 6. ํ†ต๊ณ„์™€ ํ™•๋ฅ  โ€” Statistics & Probability

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•ซํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ! ํ†ต๊ณ„(Statistics)์™€ ํ™•๋ฅ (Probability)!
AI, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„, ๋จธ์‹ ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋“ฑ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‘๋ฉด ์ง„์งœ ์œ ์šฉํ•ด. ๐Ÿ“Š

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์„ค๋ช… / ์˜ˆ์‹œ
ํ‰๊ท  Mean / Average ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ’์˜ ํ•ฉ รท ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜
์ค‘์•™๊ฐ’ Median ์ •๋ ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๊ฐ’
์ตœ๋นˆ๊ฐ’ Mode ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฐ’
๋ฒ”์œ„ Range ์ตœ๋Œ“๊ฐ’ - ์ตœ์†Ÿ๊ฐ’
๋ถ„์‚ฐ Variance ํ‰๊ท ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ํŽธ์ฐจ ์ œ๊ณฑ์˜ ํ‰๊ท 
ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ Standard Deviation ๋ถ„์‚ฐ์˜ ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ
ํ™•๋ฅ  Probability ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ
์‚ฌ๊ฑด Event ํ™•๋ฅ ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ
ํ‘œ๋ณธ๊ณต๊ฐ„ Sample Space ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ
๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜ Number of Cases / Outcomes ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ˆ˜
์ˆœ์—ด Permutation ์ˆœ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์—ด
์กฐํ•ฉ Combination ์ˆœ์„œ ์—†๋Š” ์„ ํƒ
๋…๋ฆฝ์‚ฌ๊ฑด Independent Event ์„œ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด
์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€ํ™•๋ฅ  Conditional Probability P(A|B): B๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ A์˜ ํ™•๋ฅ 
๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ / ์ž๋ฃŒ Data ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ์ •๋ณด
๋นˆ๋„ Frequency ํŠน์ • ๊ฐ’์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํšŸ์ˆ˜
๐ŸŽฒ Mean, Median, Mode ์™„๋ฒฝ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„!

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ: 2, 3, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10

โ€ข Mean(ํ‰๊ท ): (2+3+3+5+7+8+10) รท 7 = 38 รท 7 โ‰ˆ 5.43
โ€ข Median(์ค‘์•™๊ฐ’): ์ •๋ ฌ ํ›„ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ = 5
โ€ข Mode(์ตœ๋นˆ๊ฐ’): ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฐ’ = 3 (2๋ฒˆ ๋“ฑ์žฅ)

์™ธ์šฐ๋Š” ํŒ: Mode = Most frequent (๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด!) ๐ŸŽฏ
๐Ÿ’ก ์žฌ๋Šฅ๋„ท์—์„œ๋„ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ด€๋ จ ์žฌ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ํ™œ๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด! ํ†ต๊ณ„๋‚˜ ํ™•๋ฅ  ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์•ผ. ๐Ÿ˜Š

๐Ÿ”ข 7. ์ง€์ˆ˜์™€ ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ โ€” Exponents & Roots

์ง€์ˆ˜(Exponent)์™€ ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ(Square Root)์€ ์ค‘ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜ํ•™์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ!
๊ณผํ•™, ๊ณตํ•™, ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ๋„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์ด์•ผ. ๐Ÿ’ช

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์˜ˆ์‹œ / ์„ค๋ช…
์ง€์ˆ˜ Exponent / Power 2ยณ์—์„œ 3์ด ์ง€์ˆ˜
๋ฐ‘ / ๊ธฐ์ € Base 2ยณ์—์„œ 2๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ‘
์ œ๊ณฑ Square xยฒ = x to the power of 2
์„ธ์ œ๊ณฑ Cube xยณ = x cubed
์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ Square Root โˆš9 = 3
์„ธ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ Cube Root โˆ›8 = 2
n์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ nth Root โฟโˆšx
๊ฑฐ๋“ญ์ œ๊ณฑ Power / Exponentiation 2โต = 32
๋กœ๊ทธ Logarithm logโ‚‚8 = 3
์ž์—ฐ๋กœ๊ทธ Natural Logarithm ln(e) = 1
์ง€์ˆ˜ํ•จ์ˆ˜ Exponential Function f(x) = 2หฃ
๊ณผํ•™์  ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• Scientific Notation 3.0 ร— 10โธ
๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ˆ˜์‹ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋ฒ•!

โ€ข 2ยณ โ†’ "two to the power of three" ๋˜๋Š” "two cubed"
โ€ข 5ยฒ โ†’ "five squared" ๋˜๋Š” "five to the second power"
โ€ข โˆš16 โ†’ "the square root of sixteen"
โ€ข โˆ›27 โ†’ "the cube root of twenty-seven"
โ€ข 2โปยณ โ†’ "two to the negative third power"

์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์ด ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ผญ ์ตํ˜€๋‘์ž! ๐ŸŽค
์ง€์ˆ˜(Exponent)์™€ ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ(Root) ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ์ง€์ˆ˜ (Exponent) 2ยณ = 8 ๋ฐ‘(Base) ์ง€์ˆ˜(Exponent) 2 ร— 2 ร— 2 = 8 "two to the power of three" ๋˜๋Š” "two cubed" 2ยน=2, 2ยฒ=4, 2ยณ=8, 2โด=16... ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ (Square Root) โˆš9 = 3 ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด 3 ร— 3 = 9 ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ! "the square root of nine" โˆš1=1, โˆš4=2, โˆš9=3 โˆš16=4, โˆš25=5, โˆš36=6 ์ง€์ˆ˜์˜ ์—ญ์—ฐ์‚ฐ (Inverse of Exponent)

๐Ÿ“‰ 8. ์ขŒํ‘œ์™€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ โ€” Coordinates & Graphs

๋ฐ์นด๋ฅดํŠธ(Descartes)๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ขŒํ‘œ๊ณ„(Coordinate System)!
"๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค, ๊ณ ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค"๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ทธ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์—๋„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด. ๐Ÿคฏ
์ขŒํ‘œ ๊ด€๋ จ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์•ผ!

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์„ค๋ช…
์ขŒํ‘œ Coordinate ์ ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜
์ขŒํ‘œ๊ณ„ Coordinate System ์ขŒํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„
x์ถ• x-axis ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ถ• (์ˆ˜ํ‰)
y์ถ• y-axis ์„ธ๋กœ ์ถ• (์ˆ˜์ง)
์›์  Origin (0, 0) ์ง€์ 
x์ขŒํ‘œ / ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ขŒํ‘œ x-coordinate / Abscissa ์  (3, 5)์—์„œ 3
y์ขŒํ‘œ / ์„ธ๋กœ์ขŒํ‘œ y-coordinate / Ordinate ์  (3, 5)์—์„œ 5
์‚ฌ๋ถ„๋ฉด Quadrant 1์‚ฌ๋ถ„๋ฉด~4์‚ฌ๋ถ„๋ฉด
๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ Slope / Gradient ์ง์„ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์šธ์–ด์ง„ ์ •๋„
y์ ˆํŽธ y-intercept ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๊ฐ€ y์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ 
x์ ˆํŽธ x-intercept ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๊ฐ€ x์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ 
์ง์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ Linear Equation y = mx + b
ํฌ๋ฌผ์„  Parabola ์ด์ฐจํ•จ์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„
๊ผญ์ง“์  Vertex ํฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ /์ตœ์ €์ 
๋Œ€์นญ์ถ• Axis of Symmetry ํฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์˜ ๋Œ€์นญ์„ 
๐Ÿ“ ์ง์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹ y = mx + b ์™„์ „ ํ•ด๋ถ€!

์˜์–ด๊ถŒ์—์„œ ์ง์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹์€ y = mx + b ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์จ.
(ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” y = ax + b๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์“ฐ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด์•ผ!)

โ€ข m = Slope (๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ): ์ง์„ ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€ํŒŒ๋ฅธ์ง€
โ€ข b = y-intercept (y์ ˆํŽธ): ์ง์„ ์ด y์ถ•๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ 

"m์€ ์™œ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ์•ผ?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด "monter(์˜ค๋ฅด๋‹ค)"์—์„œ ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ค์ด ์žˆ์–ด!
๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–‘์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์˜ค๋ฅด๋ง‰, ์Œ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋ง‰์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋”ฑ ๋งž์ง€? ๐Ÿ˜„

๐Ÿ”ฃ 9. ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ์™€ ํ‘œํ˜„ โ€” Mathematical Symbols

์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณตํ†ต์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฝ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ๊ฐ•์˜๋‚˜ ๊ต์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด!
ํŠนํžˆ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ๋•Œ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฝ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์™„์ „ ๋ฉ˜๋ถ•์ด ์˜ค๊ฑฐ๋“ . ๐Ÿ˜…

๊ธฐํ˜ธ ์˜์–ด ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์˜๋ฏธ
= equals / is equal to ๊ฐ™๋‹ค
โ‰  is not equal to / does not equal ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค
> is greater than ํฌ๋‹ค
< is less than ์ž‘๋‹ค
โ‰ฅ is greater than or equal to ํฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค
โ‰ค is less than or equal to ์ž‘๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค
โ‰ˆ is approximately equal to ์•ฝ ~์ด๋‹ค
โˆž infinity ๋ฌดํ•œ๋Œ€
โˆ‘ sigma / sum of ํ•ฉ์‚ฐ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ
โˆ pi / product of ๊ณฑ์‚ฐ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ
โˆš square root of ์ œ๊ณฑ๊ทผ
ฯ€ pi ์›์ฃผ์œจ โ‰ˆ 3.14159...
โˆˆ is an element of / belongs to ~์˜ ์›์†Œ
โˆ‰ is not an element of ~์˜ ์›์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹˜
โˆฉ intersection ๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ
โˆช union ํ•ฉ์ง‘ํ•ฉ
โŠ‚ is a subset of ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ง‘ํ•ฉ
โˆ… empty set / null set ๊ณต์ง‘ํ•ฉ
โˆ€ for all / for every ๋ชจ๋“  ~์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
โˆƒ there exists ~๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค
โŠฅ is perpendicular to ์ˆ˜์ง
โˆฅ is parallel to ํ‰ํ–‰
โˆ  angle ๊ฐ๋„
โ–ณ triangle ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•
โ‰ก is congruent to / is identical to ํ•ฉ๋™ / ํ•ญ๋“ฑ
โˆ is proportional to ๋น„๋ก€ํ•œ๋‹ค
! factorial ํŒฉํ† ๋ฆฌ์–ผ (5! = 120)
๐ŸŽค ์ˆ˜์‹์„ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด์ž!

โ€ข 3 + 5 = 8 โ†’ "Three plus five equals eight"
โ€ข 10 - 4 = 6 โ†’ "Ten minus four equals six"
โ€ข 6 ร— 7 = 42 โ†’ "Six times seven equals forty-two"
โ€ข 15 รท 3 = 5 โ†’ "Fifteen divided by three equals five"
โ€ข xยฒ + 3x + 2 = 0 โ†’ "x squared plus three x plus two equals zero"
โ€ข โˆš25 = 5 โ†’ "The square root of twenty-five equals five"
โ€ข ฯ€ โ‰ˆ 3.14 โ†’ "Pi is approximately three point one four"

์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์™„์ „ ์ •๋ณต! ๐Ÿ†
์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ (Mathematical Symbols) = equals โ‰  not equal > greater than < less than โˆž infinity ฯ€ pi โ‰ˆ 3.14159 โˆ‘ sigma (ํ•ฉ) โˆš square root โˆฉ intersection โˆช union โˆ€ for all โˆƒ there exists ์ˆ˜์‹ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์˜ˆ์‹œ 3 + 5 = 8 โ†’ "Three plus five equals eight" xยฒ + 3x + 2 = 0 โ†’ "x squared plus three x plus two equals zero"

๐Ÿงฎ 10. ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ก  ๊ธฐ์ดˆ โ€” Set Theory Basics

ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ก (Set Theory)!
19์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ž ๊ฒŒ์˜ค๋ฅดํฌ ์นธํ† ์–ด(Georg Cantor)๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์‹œํ•œ ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ๋Š”
์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ณผํ•™, ๋…ผ๋ฆฌํ•™, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ๋ผ. ๐Ÿ—๏ธ

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์„ค๋ช… / ์˜ˆ์‹œ
์ง‘ํ•ฉ Set ์›์†Œ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์ž„: {1, 2, 3}
์›์†Œ / ์š”์†Œ Element / Member ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ฒด
๊ณต์ง‘ํ•ฉ Empty Set / Null Set ์›์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ง‘ํ•ฉ: โˆ… ๋˜๋Š” {}
์ „์ฒด์ง‘ํ•ฉ Universal Set ๋ชจ๋“  ์›์†Œ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ง‘ํ•ฉ
๋ถ€๋ถ„์ง‘ํ•ฉ Subset A โŠ‚ B: A์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์›์†Œ๊ฐ€ B์— ์žˆ์Œ
๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ Intersection A โˆฉ B: A์™€ B ๋ชจ๋‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์›์†Œ
ํ•ฉ์ง‘ํ•ฉ Union A โˆช B: A ๋˜๋Š” B์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์›์†Œ
์—ฌ์ง‘ํ•ฉ Complement Aแถœ: ์ „์ฒด์ง‘ํ•ฉ์—์„œ A๋ฅผ ๋บ€ ๊ฒƒ
์ฐจ์ง‘ํ•ฉ Difference A - B: A์—๋Š” ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ B์—๋Š” ์—†๋Š” ์›์†Œ
์œ ํ•œ์ง‘ํ•ฉ Finite Set ์›์†Œ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ํ•œํ•œ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ
๋ฌดํ•œ์ง‘ํ•ฉ Infinite Set ์›์†Œ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌดํ•œํ•œ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ
๋ฒค ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ Venn Diagram ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์„ ์›์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ
๐Ÿ”ต ๋ฒค ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ(Venn Diagram) ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ!

๋ฒค ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์˜๊ตญ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ž ์กด ๋ฒค(John Venn, 1834-1923)์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋”ฐ์„œ "Venn Diagram"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ!

๋‘ ์›์ด ๊ฒน์น˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„ = Intersection(๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ)
๋‘ ์› ์ „์ฒด = Union(ํ•ฉ์ง‘ํ•ฉ)
ํ•œ ์›์—๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„ = Difference(์ฐจ์ง‘ํ•ฉ)

์ด ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค SQL ์ฟผ๋ฆฌ, ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ ์—ฐ์‚ฐ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์“ฐ์—ฌ! ๐Ÿ’ป

๐ŸŒŸ 11. ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค์ „ ํ‘œํ˜„ โ€” Math English in Action

์šฉ์–ด๋งŒ ์•Œ๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜์ชฝ์งœ๋ฆฌ์•ผ! ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ฝ๊ณ  ํ’€ ๋•Œ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š”
์‹ค์ „ ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์ž. ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์‹œํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์ด์•ผ! ๐ŸŽฏ

๐Ÿ“ ๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„

โ€ข "Find the value of x" โ†’ x์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค
โ€ข "Solve for x" โ†’ x์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ’€์–ด๋ผ
โ€ข "Simplify the expression" โ†’ ์‹์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค
โ€ข "Evaluate" โ†’ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค
โ€ข "Prove that..." โ†’ ~์ž„์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค
โ€ข "Show that..." โ†’ ~์ž„์„ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ์˜ค
โ€ข "Given that..." โ†’ ~๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ
โ€ข "Hence" โ†’ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ
โ€ข "Therefore" โ†’ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ (โˆด)
โ€ข "Since" โ†’ ~์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
โ€ข "Let x = ..." โ†’ x๋ฅผ ~๋กœ ๋†“์ž
โ€ข "Assume that..." โ†’ ~๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์ž
โ€ข "Without loss of generality" โ†’ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์„ ์žƒ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  (WLOG)
โ€ข "If and only if" โ†’ ~์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค์ง ๊ทธ๋•Œ๋งŒ (iff, โ†”)
๐Ÿ”ข ์ˆซ์ž ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์˜์–ด ํ‘œํ˜„

โ€ข ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ ์ฝ๊ธฐ: 1/3 = "one-third", 2/5 = "two-fifths", 3/4 = "three-quarters"
โ€ข ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ์ฝ๊ธฐ: 3.14 = "three point one four" (๊ฐ ์ž๋ฆฌ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ์ฝ์Œ)
โ€ข ํฐ ์ˆ˜: 1,000 = thousand, 1,000,000 = million, 1,000,000,000 = billion
โ€ข ์Œ์ˆ˜: -5 = "negative five" ๋˜๋Š” "minus five"
โ€ข ์ง€์ˆ˜: 10โถ = "ten to the sixth power" ๋˜๋Š” "ten to the power of six"
โ€ข ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ: 75% = "seventy-five percent"
โ€ข ๋น„์œจ: 3:4 = "three to four"
๐Ÿงฉ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ํƒ€์ž„! ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ๊นŒ?

Q1. "xยฒ - 5x + 6 = 0์„ ํ’€์–ด๋ผ"๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด๋กœ?
โ†’ "Solve x squared minus five x plus six equals zero"

Q2. "๋‘ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ณต์•ฝ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค"๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด๋กœ?
โ†’ "Find the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) of the two numbers"

Q3. "์ด ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์˜ ๋„“์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค"๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด๋กœ?
โ†’ "Find the area of this triangle"

Q4. "ํ‰๊ท , ์ค‘์•™๊ฐ’, ์ตœ๋นˆ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜์‹œ์˜ค"๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด๋กœ?
โ†’ "Find the mean, median, and mode"
๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด ๋งˆ์ธ๋“œ๋งต ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ Number Types ์‚ฌ์น™์—ฐ์‚ฐ Arithmetic ๋Œ€์ˆ˜ํ•™ Algebra ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™ Geometry ํ†ต๊ณ„/ํ™•๋ฅ  Statistics ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ก  Set Theory Integer, Prime Rational, Real Sum, Product Quotient Variable Equation Triangle Area, Volume Mean, Median Probability Union Intersection

๐Ÿ† 12. ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ณต์•ฝ์ˆ˜ยท์ตœ์†Œ๊ณต๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ & ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์ค‘์š” ์šฉ์–ด

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์—์„œ ๋น ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•ด์ค„๊ฒŒ!
ํŠนํžˆ ์ตœ๋Œ€๊ณต์•ฝ์ˆ˜(GCD)์™€ ์ตœ์†Œ๊ณต๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜(LCM)๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์•ฝ์ž๋กœ๋„ ์ž์ฃผ ์“ฐ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ผญ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์ž! ๐Ÿ’ช

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์˜์–ด ์•ฝ์ž / ์„ค๋ช…
์ตœ๋Œ€๊ณต์•ฝ์ˆ˜ Greatest Common Divisor GCD ๋˜๋Š” HCF (Highest Common Factor)
์ตœ์†Œ๊ณต๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ Least Common Multiple LCM
์•ฝ์ˆ˜ / ์ธ์ˆ˜ Factor / Divisor 12์˜ ์•ฝ์ˆ˜: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ Multiple 3์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜: 3, 6, 9, 12, ...
์†Œ์ธ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํ•ด Prime Factorization 12 = 2ยฒ ร— 3
์—ญ์ˆ˜ Reciprocal 3/4์˜ ์—ญ์ˆ˜ = 4/3
์ œ๊ณฑ์ˆ˜ Perfect Square 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ...
์™„์ „์ˆ˜ Perfect Number 6 = 1+2+3
์ˆ˜์—ด Sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, ... ๋˜๋Š” 1, 3, 5, 7, ...
๋“ฑ์ฐจ์ˆ˜์—ด Arithmetic Sequence ๊ณต์ฐจ(common difference)๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ •
๋“ฑ๋น„์ˆ˜์—ด Geometric Sequence ๊ณต๋น„(common ratio)๊ฐ€ ์ผ์ •
ํ”ผ๋ณด๋‚˜์น˜ ์ˆ˜์—ด Fibonacci Sequence 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, ...
์ฆ๋ช… Proof ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๋ช…์ œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž„
์ •๋ฆฌ Theorem ์ฆ๋ช…๋œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๋ช…์ œ
๊ณต๋ฆฌ Axiom ์ฆ๋ช… ์—†์ด ์ฐธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์ œ
๋ณด์กฐ์ •๋ฆฌ Lemma ๋” ํฐ ์ •๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋ช…์ œ
์ถ”์ธก / ๊ฐ€์„ค Conjecture ์•„์ง ์ฆ๋ช…๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ช…์ œ
๊ท€๋‚ฉ๋ฒ• Induction ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๊ท€๋‚ฉ๋ฒ•
๊ท€๋ฅ˜๋ฒ• Proof by Contradiction ๋ชจ์ˆœ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ฆ๋ช…
๐ŸŒŸ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์ •๋ฆฌ(Theorem) ์˜์–ด ์ด๋ฆ„๋“ค!

โ€ข ํ”ผํƒ€๊ณ ๋ผ์Šค ์ •๋ฆฌ = Pythagorean Theorem (aยฒ + bยฒ = cยฒ)
โ€ข ํŽ˜๋ฅด๋งˆ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ •๋ฆฌ = Fermat's Last Theorem
โ€ข ๊ณจ๋“œ๋ฐ”ํ์˜ ์ถ”์ธก = Goldbach's Conjecture (์•„์ง ๋ฏธ์ฆ๋ช…!)
โ€ข ์ดํ•ญ์ •๋ฆฌ = Binomial Theorem
โ€ข ์ค‘๊ฐ„๊ฐ’ ์ •๋ฆฌ = Intermediate Value Theorem
โ€ข ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ์ •๋ฆฌ = Prime Number Theorem

์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์† ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด ๋” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์–ด์ ธ! ๐ŸŽ‰
๐Ÿ’ก GCD vs HCF ์ฐจ์ด!
์ตœ๋Œ€๊ณต์•ฝ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” GCD(Greatest Common Divisor),
์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” HCF(Highest Common Factor)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ.
๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐœ๋…์ธ๋ฐ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์„œ ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋‘ ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์ž!

๐ŸŽ“ 13. ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต ๊ฟ€ํŒ & ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฒ•

์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข‹์„์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์ž!
์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ตํžˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ• ๊ฒŒ. ๐Ÿ“š

โœ… ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 5๊ฐ€์ง€

1. ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ
Khan Academy, 3Blue1Brown, Numberphile ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฑ„๋„์€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์ตœ๊ณ ์•ผ!
์ž๋ง‰์„ ์ผœ๊ณ  ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํšจ๊ณผ ๋งŒ์ ! ๐ŸŽฌ

2. ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ต์žฌ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ
๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด์™€ ์˜์–ด ๊ต์žฌ๋กœ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ผ.
ํŠนํžˆ SAT, ACT, GRE ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ํŒŒํŠธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ง‘์€ ์‹ค์ „ ์šฉ์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์ตœ๊ณ ! ๐Ÿ“–

3. ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‹œ์นด๋“œ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ
Anki ๊ฐ™์€ ์•ฑ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด โ†” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด ํ”Œ๋ž˜์‹œ์นด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ด.
๋งค์ผ 10๋ถ„์”ฉ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ์•ˆ์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์šฉ์–ด ์™„์ „ ์ •๋ณต ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ! ๐Ÿƒ

4. ์ˆ˜์‹์„ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด์–ด ์ฝ๊ธฐ
์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ๋•Œ ์ˆ˜์‹์„ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‚ด์–ด ์ฝ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ด.
"x squared plus three x plus two equals zero" ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ! ๐Ÿ—ฃ๏ธ

5. ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ
Reddit์˜ r/math, Stack Exchange์˜ Mathematics ๋“ฑ์—์„œ
์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ์‹ค์ „ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ด ํ™• ๋Š˜์–ด! ๐Ÿ’ฌ
๐ŸŒ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด

์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‹œํ—˜๋“ค:

โ€ข SAT Math: ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ž…ํ•™ ์‹œํ—˜, ๊ธฐ์ดˆ~์ค‘๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ํ•„์ˆ˜
โ€ข GRE Quantitative: ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ์ž…ํ•™ ์‹œํ—˜, ํ†ต๊ณ„ยท๋Œ€์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด ์ค‘์š”
โ€ข GMAT Quantitative: ๊ฒฝ์˜๋Œ€ํ•™์› ์ž…ํ•™ ์‹œํ—˜
โ€ข AMC (American Mathematics Competition): ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๊ฒฝ์‹œ๋Œ€ํšŒ
โ€ข IMO (International Mathematical Olympiad): ๊ตญ์ œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ผ์•„๋“œ

์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œํ—˜๋“ค์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ! ๐Ÿ…
๐Ÿ’ป ์ฝ”๋”ฉ๊ณผ AI์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด

ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฝ”๋“œ์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ด!

โ€ข Python: abs() = Absolute Value(์ ˆ๋Œ“๊ฐ’), sum() = Sum(ํ•ฉ๊ณ„)
โ€ข ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ: mean(), median(), variance(), std()
โ€ข AI/ML: Gradient(๊ธฐ์šธ๊ธฐ), Matrix(ํ–‰๋ ฌ), Vector(๋ฒกํ„ฐ), Probability(ํ™•๋ฅ )
โ€ข ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค: Intersection(๊ต์ง‘ํ•ฉ), Union(ํ•ฉ์ง‘ํ•ฉ) โ†’ SQL JOIN ์—ฐ์‚ฐ!

์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฉด ์ฝ”๋”ฉ๋„ ๋” ์‰ฌ์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค! ๐Ÿš€

์žฌ๋Šฅ๋„ท์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ๋Š” ์žฌ๋Šฅ์ธ๋“ค๋„ ๋งŽ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•ด๋ด! ๐Ÿ˜Š
์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต ๋กœ๋“œ๋งต ๐Ÿ—บ๏ธ 1๏ธโƒฃ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์šฉ์–ด ์ˆ˜, ์—ฐ์‚ฐ, ๋ถ„์ˆ˜ Number, Fraction 2๏ธโƒฃ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜/๊ธฐํ•˜ ๋ฐฉ์ •์‹, ๋„ํ˜• Equation, Shape 3๏ธโƒฃ ํ†ต๊ณ„/ํ™•๋ฅ  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ Statistics, Probability 4๏ธโƒฃ ์‹ค์ „ ํ™œ์šฉ ์‹œํ—˜, ๊ฐ•์˜, ์ฝ”๋”ฉ SAT, Khan Academy ๐Ÿ“š ์ถ”์ฒœ ํ•™์Šต ์ž๋ฃŒ โ€ข Khan Academy (๋ฌด๋ฃŒ, ์˜์–ด) โ€ข 3Blue1Brown YouTube โ€ข Wolfram MathWorld โ€ข Art of Problem Solving โ€ข MIT OpenCourseWare โ€ข Brilliant.org โ€ข Desmos (๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ๋„๊ตฌ) ๐ŸŽฏ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์•”๊ธฐ ํฌ์ธํŠธ โ€ข N = Numerator (๋ถ„์ž, ์œ„) โ€ข D = Denominator (๋ถ„๋ชจ, ์•„๋ž˜) โ€ข Equation = Equal ํฌํ•จ โ€ข Mode = Most frequent โ€ข GCD = Greatest Common Divisor โ€ข LCM = Least Common Multiple โ€ข Poly = ๋งŽ์€ (Polynomial)

โœจ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ โ€” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณตํ†ต ์–ธ์–ด!

์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์–ด! ๐ŸŽ‰
์ˆ˜์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์น™์—ฐ์‚ฐ, ๋ถ„์ˆ˜, ๋Œ€์ˆ˜ํ•™, ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™, ํ†ต๊ณ„, ์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ก ๊นŒ์ง€
๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ญ‰ ํ›‘์–ด๋ดค์ง€.

์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋‚ฏ์„ค๊ณ  ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋А๊ปด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์€
์–ด์›(Etymology)์„ ์•Œ๋ฉด ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ตํ˜€๋‘๋ฉด ์ˆ˜ํ•™๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ณผํ•™, ๊ณตํ•™, ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ณผํ•™ ๋“ฑ
๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ผ! ๐Ÿ’ช

์ˆ˜ํ•™์€ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ดˆ์›”ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณตํ†ต ์–ธ์–ด์•ผ.
๊ทธ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋„ˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋„“์–ด์งˆ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ! ๐ŸŒ

๐Ÿ† ์ตœ์ข… ๋ณต์Šต ํ€ด์ฆˆ!

๋‹ค์Œ ์˜์–ด ์šฉ์–ด์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋œป์€?

1. Coefficient โ†’ ๊ณ„์ˆ˜
2. Circumference โ†’ ์›์ฃผ(์›์˜ ๋‘˜๋ ˆ)
3. Standard Deviation โ†’ ํ‘œ์ค€ํŽธ์ฐจ
4. Factorization โ†’ ์ธ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํ•ด
5. Perpendicular โ†’ ์ˆ˜์ง
6. Irrational Number โ†’ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์ˆ˜
7. Axis of Symmetry โ†’ ๋Œ€์นญ์ถ•
8. Conditional Probability โ†’ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€ํ™•๋ฅ 

๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋งžํ˜”์–ด? 8๊ฐœ ๋‹ค ๋งžํ˜”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™„์ „ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์˜์–ด ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ! ๐Ÿฅ‡
๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์ž‘์„ฑ

์ด ๊ธ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋“ค๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”

๋Œ“๊ธ€ 0